Monitor taurino

Copia digital. Valladolid : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 201

Batallas culturales, brecha perceptiva y polarización afectiva: una aproximación desde el caso español

Previous research has shown the existence of strong relationships between affective polarization and culture wars, but it is unknown to what extent this emotional division is, in fact, a ‘false polarization’ generated from second-order beliefs in those identity issues that categorize and define group membership. Using data from the ‘First National Survey of Political Polarization’ in Spain, an operationalization of the concept of ‘perception gap’ is proposed and an individual measurement of it through a formula that adapts the coefficient of Average Deviation (Dx̄), defined as the arithmetic mean of the absolute values of the deviations from the mean. This seeks to describe the ‘perception gap’ in Spain around two relevant culture wars in the discursive articulation of the ideological blocs: gender violence and national symbols. In the same way, the relationship between the partisan affiliation of the voters and the levels of perceptive gap is analyzed. In this regard, it is shown that, in those matters that are claimed as a symbolic property of an ideological bloc, the supporters of this bloc have a higher level of ‘perception gap’, that is, they tend to exaggerate their differences with the outgroup distorting the real positions of the adversaries. When the thematic battle redirects to a position of moral superiority of the group and becomes a key issue for intergroup differentiation, the homogeneity of the positions of its members is more accentuated and a greater perceptual deviation bias is also produced.Investigaciones previas han mostrado la existencia de fuertes relaciones entre polarización afectiva y batallas culturales, pero se desconoce hasta qué punto esta división emocional es, de hecho, una “falsa polarización” generada a partir de creencias de segundo orden en aquellas cuestiones identitarias que categorizan y definen al grupo. Utilizando datos de la “Primera Encuesta Nacional de Polarización Política” en España, se propone una operacionalización del concepto de “brecha perceptiva” y una medición individual del mismo a través de una fórmula que adapta el coeficiente de Desviación Media (Dx̄), definida como la media aritmética de los valores absolutos de las desviaciones de la media. La fórmula pretende describir la brecha de percepción en torno a dos batallas culturales relevantes en la articulación discursiva de los bloques ideológicos: la violencia de género y los símbolos patrios. Del mismo modo, se analiza la relación entre la afiliación partidista de los votantes y los niveles de brecha perceptiva. Al respecto, se muestra que, en aquellos asuntos que se reivindican como propiedad simbólica de un bloque ideológico, los partidarios de este bloque tienen un mayor nivel de “brecha perceptiva”, es decir, tienden a exagerar sus diferencias con los demás, distorsionando las posiciones reales de los adversarios. Cuando la batalla temática se redirige a una posición de superioridad moral del grupo y se convierte en un tema clave para la diferenciación intergrupal, se acentúa más la homogeneidad de las posiciones de sus miembros y se produce también un mayor sesgo de desviación perceptiva.The author José Miguel Rojo Martínez has a FPU predoctoral contract from the Spanish Ministry of Universities (Ref. FPU20/01033), thanks to which he has participated in this paper

Influence of government communication on risk perception. An analysis based on the context of the sixth wave of Covid-19 in Madrid

Risk theorists have frequently discussed the discursive construction of risk perception. In particular, the effect of media consumption on increasing the subjective perception of risk has been highlighted. Not much is known about how government communication affects citizens’ impressions and attitudes in this area, something that this research seeks to address. During the sixth wave of Covid-19, triggered by the emergence of the Omicron variant, government discourse shifted from initial concern to what has become known as the “influenzaisation” paradigm, an attempt to normalise the disease. Based on the results of a survey carried out in January 2022 amongst 664 citizens of the Community of Madrid, we sought to demonstrate, using binary logistic regression (BLR) models, to what extent the degree to which the citizens of Madrid internalised the government’s thesis of “influenzaisation” was related to a lower perception of risk. Similarly, the aim is to show whether agreement with the “influenzaisation” thesis also favoured positions that were less inclined to restrictions, so that government communication succeeded in reducing the social demand for measures. Finally, the study evaluates the predictive character of ideology on levels of risk perception and attitudes towards restrictive measures. The findings indicate that acceptance of the “influenzaisation” story led to a lower perception of risk and, as a consequence, reduced support for restrictive measures among those most exposed to this thesis. The discursive articulation of risk in government communication becomes a central element of crisis management and the strategic formulation of “risk de-escalation” or “post-risk” messages

Development of an Emergency Radio Beacon for Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Emergency locator transmitters (ELTs) used to locate manned aircrafts are not well suited to find and recover small crashed unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). ELTs utilize an international satellite system for search and rescue (Cospas-Sarsat System), which should leverage its expensive resources to save lives as a priority. Besides, ELTs are too big and heavy to be used within small UAVs. Some of the existing solutions for this problem are based on receivers that detect signal strength, which may be a long and tedious process not suitable for user needs. Others do not have enough range or require radio license and expensive amateur radio receivers. This paper presents an emergency radio beacon specifically designed to locate small UAVs. It is triggered automatically in the event of a crash and allows finding and recovering a crashed UAV in a fast and simple way. It meets not only the required specifications of user-friendliness, size and weight of this kind of application, but also it is a high precision and low cost device. Besides, it has enough range and endurance. The experiments carried out show the operation of the proposed system

Estrategia de selección de entradas y parámetros óptimos para máquinas de soporte vectorial

Los métodos de clasificación basados en el conocimiento (MCBC), en especial las máquinas de soporte vectorial son una metodología que en la práctica presentan excelentes resultados. Estos métodos de clasificación requieren para su buen funcionamiento una selección rigurosa de entradas (descriptores) y una adecuada calibración de parámetros. El espacio de búsqueda para la selección de entradas y el ajuste parámetros es muy grande por lo que en este artículo se presenta un algoritmo de optimización para la selección de entradas y ajuste de parámetros óptimo para las máquinas de soporte vectorial. Los resultados obtenidos en casos de prueba de la literatura especializada son satisfactorios para el algoritmo de optimización presentado.The classification methods based on knowledge (MCBC) in particular support vector machines are a methodology that, in practice, have excellent results. These machines require of a rigorous selection of the inputs (descriptors) and the calibration parameters for the proper functioning. The search space for the selection of input and calibration parameters is very large and that is the reason of why in this paper presents an optimization algorithm for the selection of inputs and parameters. The results obtained in test cases of the literature specialized are satisfactory for the optimization algorithm presented

Usando role playing na integração do conhecimento no processo ensino-aprendizagem em enfermagem: avaliação dos alunos

To assess role-playing as a methodology in the teaching-learning process for the Nursing Degree. To identify the attitude of nursing students towards role-playing. To analyze the response of students to their teaching-learning process after role-playing. Relationship is one of the main functions of nursing care in all fields, as it contributes to developing and coping with the various stimuli of life through therapeutic communication, which helps nurses know their role and how to behave according to the situation. Third-year students from the Nursing School of the “X”. Academic years 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. The reflexive nature of qualitative research is based on Symbolic Interactionism. The subject category chosen is role-playing and it is sorted into the subcategories and codes. Findings from the analysis of the summaries have allowed us to see what actually happens when using role-playing as a teaching-learning tool in nursing, why and what the consequences are.Evaluar el role-playing como metodología en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la enseñanza del Grado de Enfermería. Identificar la actitud de los estudiantes de enfermería ante el role-playing. Analizar la respuesta de los estudiantes después de realizar el role-playing en su proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. La relación de ayuda es una de las funciones principales de los cuidados de enfermería, en todos los ámbitos con el fin de que se pueda desarrollar y hacer frente a los diversos estímulos de la vida a través de la comunicación terapéutica, que permite a las enfermeras ver su rol con las personas como un marco para “saber estar” en la relación de ayuda. Estudiantes de tercer año de la Escuela de Enfermería de la “X”. Año académico 2006-2007 y 2007-2008. El carácter reflexivo de la investigación cualitativa está fundamentado en el Interaccionismo Simbólico. La categoría temática seleccionada, es la de role-playing que permite una clasificación de subcategorías y códigos. Los resultados del análisis de las síntesis nos han permitido identificar lo que sucede realmente con la utilización del role-playing como herramienta de enseñanza-aprendizaje en enfermería, por qué y cuáles son las consecuencias.Avaliar o role-playing como metodologia no proceso ensino-aprendizagem no ensino de graduação de enfermagem. Identificar as atitudes dos estudantes de enfermagem relacionadas ao role-playing. Analisar a resposta dos alunos no proceso ensinoaprendizagem após realizarem o role-playing. a relação de ajuda é uma das principaisfunções dos cuidados de enfermagem, em todas as dimensões e, através da comunicação terapêutica busca o desenvolvimento das pessoas para enfrentar os diversos estímulos da vida. A comunicação terapêutica permite às enfermeiras reconhecerem seu papel, como um marco para “saber estar” na relação de ajuda. Estudantes de terceiro ano da Escola de Enfermagem “X” nos períodos letivos de 2006-2007 e 2007-2008. A natureza reflexiva desta pesquisa qualitativa baseia-se no interacionismo simbólico. A categoria temática selecionada foi o role-playing, que permitiuuma classificação em subcategorias e códigos. Os resultados permitiram identificar o que realmente acontece com o uso do role-playing como uma ferramenta de ensino e aprendizagem em enfermagem, porquê e quais suas consequências

Liquid-sample introduction in plasma spectrometry

Plasma-spectrometry techniques, namely inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and plasma-based mass spectrometry (MS), are the most commonly used in analytical laboratories for elemental analysis in a wide variety of samples. In these techniques, the quality of the analysis strongly depends on appropriate selection of the sample-introduction system. For liquid samples, it basically comprises a nebulizer, which transforms the bulk solution into an aerosol, and a spray chamber, which modifies the characteristics of this aerosol and transports it to the plasma base through an injector tube. Sometimes, a desolvation system is incorporated to reduce the solvent load into the plasma. This article describes the different components of the sample-introduction system, emphasizing their main advantages and drawbacks. A review of the processes that affect the aerosol between generation and reaching the plasma is also included

Developing Ubiquitous Sensor Network Platform Using Internet of Things: Application in Precision Agriculture

The application of Information Technologies into Precision Agriculture methods has clear benefits. Precision Agriculture optimises production efficiency, increases quality, minimises environmental impact and reduces the use of resources (energy, water); however, there are different barriers that have delayed its wide development. Some of these main barriers are expensive equipment, the difficulty to operate and maintain and the standard for sensor networks are still under development. Nowadays, new technological development in embedded devices (hardware and communication protocols), the evolution of Internet technologies (Internet of Things) and ubiquitous computing (Ubiquitous Sensor Networks) allow developing less expensive systems, easier to control, install and maintain, using standard protocols with low-power consumption. This work develops and test a low-cost sensor/actuator network platform, based in Internet of Things, integrating machine-to-machine and human-machine-interface protocols. Edge computing uses this multi-protocol approach to develop control processes on Precision Agriculture scenarios. A greenhouse with hydroponic crop production was developed and tested using Ubiquitous Sensor Network monitoring and edge control on Internet of Things paradigm. The experimental results showed that the Internet technologies and Smart Object Communication Patterns can be combined to encourage development of Precision Agriculture. They demonstrated added benefits (cost, energy, smart developing, acceptance by agricultural specialists) when a project is launched.This research was supported by Industrial Computers and Computer Networks program (I2RC) (2015/2016) funded by the University of Alicante

Further topics in connectivity

Continuing the study of connectivity, initiated in §4.1 of the Handbook, we survey here some (sufficient) conditions under which a graph or digraph has a given connectivity or edge-connectivity. First, we describe results concerning maximal (vertex- or edge-) connectivity. Next, we deal with conditions for having (usually lower) bounds for the connectivity parameters. Finally, some other general connectivity measures, such as one instance of the so-called “conditional connectivity,” are considered. For unexplained terminology concerning connectivity, see §4.1.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version